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• MERCURY, ELEMENTAL

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• MERCURY

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• [Concentrations of mercury in blood of pregnant women in St. Petersburg at different terms of gestation]
• A new analysis of the Iraqi data on in utero mercury exposure.
• A preliminary physiological model of inhaled mercury vapor (Hgo) disposition in the pregnant rat.

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• A study of embryotoxicity and teratogenesis of spurious lipsticks chemicals in the chick embryo.
• Alteration of brain proteins on inorganic mercury (Hg) induced neurotoxicity in chick embryo.
• Altered levels of apoptotic and neurotrophic factor mRNA in developing rat brain following exposure to mercury vapor or lead acetate.
• Altered levels of nerve growth factor and its low-affinity p75 receptor in the developing brain following by prenatal exposure to mercury vapour.
• Altered levels of neurotrophic factor mRNA in rat frontal lobe and cerebellum during developmental exposure to mercury vapor.
• An analysis of autopsy brain tissue from infants prenatally exposed to methylmercury.
• An analysis of developmental toxicity of mixtures using limb bud cell cultures.
• Analytic study to evaluate associations between hazardous waste sites and birth defects--final report.
• Animal models for assessing developmental toxicity.
• Assessment of reproductive risk at work.
• Association of mercury exposure with neurobehavioral performance of children in Bohemia.
• Behavioural changes following perinatal treatment affecting dopaminergic systems.
• Bill malformations in double-crested cormorants with low exposure to organochlorines.
• Biologic markers in reproductive toxicology.
• Biological monitoring of metals in children and pregnant women in Poland.
• Blood and brain mercury levels after gestational exposure to methylmercury in rats.
• Cadmium, lead, mercury, nickel, and cesium-137 concentrations in blood, urine, or placenta from mothers and newborns living in arctic areas of Russia and Norway.
• Chick embryo limb bud cultures as potential screens for skeletal toxicants.
• Comparative developmental toxicity of metals to embryo-larval stages of aquatic organisms.
• Comparative effects of essential and nonessential metals on preimplantation mouse embryo development.
• Comparison of the placental transfer of organic mercury (O-Hg), inorganic mercury (I-Hg), cadmium (CD) and lead (Pb) in healthy pregnant women.
• Congenital methylmercury risks from coal combustion.
• Contaminant concentrations and biomarker response in great blue heron eggs from 10 colonies on the upper Mississippi River, USA.
• Contaminant levels of osprey eggs and prey reflect regional differences in reproductive success.
• Contaminants in American alligator eggs from Lake Apopka, Lake Griffin, and Lake Okeechobee, Florida.
• Control for PCBs and other confounders in the Canadian Inuit study of infants prenatally exposed to mercury.
• Control of occupational hazards for pregnant industrial workers.
• Dental treatment, fish consumption, and mercury exposure during pregnancy in relation to child neurodevelopment.
• Detection of fetal exposure to pesticides & heavy metals by meconium analysis and its fetal effects.
• Detection of fetal exposure to pesticides & heavy metals by meconium analysis and its fetal outcome.
• Determination of a NOAEL for in utero effects of methylmercury.
• Developmental effects of combined lead, mercury and ethanol exposure on neurophysiological processes in rats.
• DHA in neonatal rat brain is influenced by diet, but not by maternal exposure to methylmercury.
• Distribution of mercury between maternal, fetal and neonatal tissues following gestational exposure to elemental mercury vapor in Long-Evans rats.
• Drug induced infertility.
• Ecological risk assessment in a large river-reservoir: 7. environmental contaminant accumulation and effects in great blue heron.
• Effect of inorganic mercury on in vitro placental nutrient transfer and oxygen consumption.
• Effect of inorganic mercury on the emergence and hatching of the brine shrimp Artemia franciscana.
• Effects of chronic intrauterine mercury intoxication on the epileptogenicity of developing rat.
• Effects of dissolved mercury on embryogenesis, survival and growth of Mytilus galloprovincialis mussel larvae.
• Effects of embryonic pre-exposure to mercury on larval tolerance in two populations of killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus).
• Effects of environmental and maternally derived methylmercury on the embryonic and larval stages of walleye (Stizostedion vitreum).
• Effects of heavy metals on chondrogenic differentiation of embryonic chick limb cells.
• Effects of mercury and its salts on embryogenesis of rainbow trout.
• Effects of mercury on wildlife: a comprehensive review.
• Effects of mercury vapor inhalation on (32P)8N3GTP photolabeling of beta-tubulin in brains of fetal and aged rats.
• Effects of mercury, selenium, and organochlorine contaminants on reproduction of Forster's terns and black skimmers nesting in a contaminated Texas bay.
• Effects of metal exposure on brain development.
• Effects on early childhood development of prenatal exposure to methylmercury.
• Eggshell thinning and contaminant levels in bald eagle eggs from Arizona, 1977 to 1985.
• Elevated Blood Mercury Levels are Associated With Poor Outcome in IVF Cycles.
• Enhancement of phenytoin fetal and maternal toxicity by low-level exposure to methylmercury.
• Enrollment and neurodevelopment at 6 months.
• Environmental contaminants in great blue herons (Ardea herodias) from the lower Columbia and Willamette rivers, Oregon and Washington, USA.
• Environmental contamination and developmental abnormalities in eggs and hatchlings of the common snapping turtle (Chelydra serpentina serpentina) from the Great Lakes--St. Lawrence River basin (1989-91).
• Environmental toxins and recurrent pregnancy loss.
• Essential and non-essential metals in fetuses and infants.
• Evaluation of sensory evoked potentials in Long Evans rats gestationally exposed to mercury (Hg0) vapor.
• Exposure to environmental pollutants adversely affects fetal outcome.
• Fish diet and mercury exposure in a riparian Amazonian population.
• Gestational exposure to mercury vapor: effects on neurotrophic factor stimulated phosphoinositide hydrolysis and protein kinase C activity.
• Health-related indicators for the Great Lakes Basin population: numbers 1 to 20.
• Heavy metal content in liver and kidneys of grey seals (Halichoerus grypus) in various life stages correlated with metallothionein levels: some metal-binding characteristics of this protein.
• High levels of mercury in blood can impair normal ovarian function: A case report.
• Impact of social factors and heavy metal pollution on the incidence of anencephaly at the Eastern coast of Lake Maracaibo, Venezuela.
• Impacts of Pre- and Postnatal Exposure of Mercury and Polychlorinated Biphenyls on Brain Development: A Visual Evoked Potentials Study.
• Indices of mercury contamination during breast-feeding in the Amazon Basin.
• Influence of prenatal mercury exposure upon scholastic and psychological test performance: benchmark analysis of a New Zealand cohort.
• Inter- and intra-annual variation in the occurrence of organochlorine pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyl congeners, and mercury in the eggs of a river passerine.
• Interventions during individual development of rats affect the behaviour in adulthood: a three-generation study.
• Intra- and interpopulation variability in maternal transfer of mercury to eggs of walleye (Stizostedion vitreum).
• Lead accumulation and osprey production near a mining site on the Coeur d'Alene River, Idaho.
• Levels of Hg, Pb and V in brain, kidney, liver and lung of anencephalic fetuses from the Eastern coast of Lake Maracaibo, Venezuela.
• Limited effects of heavy metal pollution on foraging and breeding success in the curlew (Numenius arquata).
• Localization and role of placental metallothioneins as a barrier against maternal to fetal transfer of mercury.
• Maternal and neonatal hair mercury concentrations -- the effect of dental amalgam.
• Maternal environmental contaminant levels and time to pregnancy in primiparae.
• Maternal Fish Consumption, Markers Of Mercury Exposure And Neurodevelopment In A Cohort Of Italian Newborns.
• Measurements of toxicity and critical stages of development.
• Mental retardation and parental occupation: an explorative epidemiologic study.
• Mercury accumulation and glutathione levels in fetuses from mice developmentally exposed to low levels of methylmercury.
• Mercury and lead exposure during early human life as affected by food and nutritional status.
• Mercury in Italy: from environment to man, from pregnant women to newborns.
• Mercury Levels in Argentine Newborns and Infants after Receipt of Routine Vaccines Containing Thimerosal.
• Mercury levels in blood and brain of infant monkeys exposed to thimerosal.
• Mercury study report to Congress. Health effects of mercury and mercury compounds.
• Mercury vapor inhalation studies: mechanisms of endocrine disruption.
• Metallothionein (MT) induction in fetal rat brain and neonatal primary astrocyte cultures by in utero exposure to elemental mercury vapor Hg0.
• Methylmercury as predictor of gestational length and birthweight.
• Methylmercury chloride and selenomethionine interactions on health and reproduction in mallards.
• Methylmercury exposure during prenatal and early postnatal life among indigenous people along the Madeira River, Amazon.
• Mixed chemicals (MIX): reproduction and fertility assessment in Swiss (CD-1) mice when administered in the drinking water: final study report, volume I of II.
• Morphological deformities in larvae of Procladius skuse (Diptera: Chironomidae) and their biomonitoring potential.
• Multiple model risk analysis: developmental effects as a result of methylmercury in fish.
• Neurobehavioral performance of Czech school children born in years of maximal air pollution (1982-1983).
• Neurotoxic heavy metals lead and mercury disturb N-cadherin expression in embryonic chick cortical cells.
• Observed mercury concentrations from "baby's first haircut" hair samples among infants exposed to ethyl-, methyl-, and inorganic mercury pre- and postnatally: a preliminary retrospective.
• Occupational exposure and male reproductive dysfunction: a growing concern.
• Occupational exposures and birth defects: final performance report.
• Organochlorines, mercury, and selenium in great blue heron eggs from Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore, Indiana.
• Patterns of contamination by organochlorines and mercury in the eggs of two river passerines in Britain and Ireland with reference to individual PCB congeners.
• Placental and lactational transfer of mercury from rats exposed to methylmercury in their diet: speciation of mercury in the offspring.
• Placental transfer of methylmercury and mercuric mercury in mice.
• Possible Influence Of Elemental Mercury In Pregnancy.
• Possible mercury intoxication of newborns via breast milk.
• Prenatal exposure to mercury vapor: effects on brain development.
• Prenatal mercury vapor exposure from dental restorations in a cohort with high methylmercury exposure -- design issues.
• Prenatal mercury vapor exposure modifies adaptation by rats to a novel reinforcement schedule.
• Productivity, diet, and environmental contaminants in bald eagles nesting near the Wisconsin shoreline of Lake Superior.
• Regulation of N-cadherin proteolysis in normal and abnormal neural development.
• Reproductive and physiological effects of environmental contaminants in fish-eating birds of the Great Lakes: a review of historical trends.
• Reproductive hazards in the workplace.
• Reproductive risks of heavy metals and pesticides in women.
• Reproductive success of barn swallows nesting near a selenium-contaminated lake in east Texas, USA.
• Resistance to heavy metal mixture in Oreochromis niloticus progenies of parents chronically exposed to the same metals.
• Retention and distribution of mercury in organs of neonatal guinea pigs after in utero exposure to mercury vapor.
• Retention and distribution of mercury in organs of neonatal guinea pigs after in utero exposure to mercury vapor.
• Segmental hair mercury evaluation among mothers, their babies and breast milk along the Tapajäos River, Amazon, Brazil.
• Selenomethionine affects the toxicokinetics of lactationally and transplacentally absorbed mercury in mice.
• Significant fetal exposure to heavy metals as detected by meconium analysis.
• Spatial and temporal trends of contaminants in eggs of wading birds from San Francisco Bay, California.
• Spermiotoxicity and embryotoxicity of heavy metals in the echinoid Paracentrotus lividus.
• Stress protein synthesis induced in chick embryos by arsenite (As), mercury (Hg), and cadmium (Cd).
• Study of the toxic effects of lead and mercury in vivo and in vitro by using chicks and cell cultures.
• Teratogenic effects of Dithane-M-45 on Lepomis macorchirus: growth and developmental effects on males and females.
• Teratology of heavy metals: mercury and other contaminants.
• Teratology of heavy metals: mercury and other contaminants.
• The biochemical effects of toxicants in developing eggs and larvae of Black Sea fish species.
• The effect of pregnancy outcome and fetal brain development of prenatal exposure to mercury vapour.
• The effects of mercury induced laminin autoantibodies on cultured rat embryos.
• The teratogenic effects of mercury disulfate and dichromate on pregnant female Wysoto mice.
• The Three Modern Faces of Mercury.
• Total mercury levels of maternal hair in Kagoshima.
• Toxicokinetics of mercury in mice offspring after maternal exposure to methylmercury and seleno-L-methionine.
• Trace element and organochlorine concentrations in California clapper rail (Rallus longirostris obsoletus) eggs.
• Trace metals and pregnancy outcome in the Czech Republic.

ECOTOX Documents

• Mercury

ERG2016 Guidebook

• GUIDE 172 (Spanish) - GALIO y MERCURIO
• GUIDE 172 - GALLIUM and MERCURY

HSDB® Data Bank

• MERCURY, ELEMENTAL

IRIS Documents

• Mercury, elemental

LOLI® Listings

• Mercury ( 123720-03-6)
• Mercury ( 149038-91-5)
• Mercury ( 51887-47-9)
• Mercury ( 7439-97-6)
• Mercury ( 8030-64-6)
• Mercury ( 92355-34-5)
• Mercury ( 92786-62-4)

OHM/TADS Documents

• MERCURY

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• MERCURY

Shepard's Catalog

• Mercury

TERIS Documents

• MERCURY, ELEMENTAL

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Example Content from MEDITEXT for Mercury, elemental:

ACUTE EXPOSURE INFORMATION

1. USES: Mercury exists in 3 forms: elemental, inorganic, and organic. Each causes distinct toxicity patterns. This document discusses ONLY ELEMENTAL mercury. Elemental mercury (quicksilver) is found in thermometers, barometers, sphygmomanometers, dental amalgams, fluorescent light bulbs, Mexican-American folk medicine, and in some medical equipment (eg, tip of Dobhoff tubes); it is also used in the gold mining industry. Severe toxicity is unusual, and most often develops from vaporization from heating mercury in a closed space. Moderate toxicity may develop from vaporization by vacuuming a mercury spill (ie, a broken thermometer), or prolonged inhalation exposure.

2. TOXICOLOGY: Mercury covalently binds the sulfur moiety in sulfhydryl groups throughout the body disrupting enzymes, membranes, structural proteins, and transport mechanisms. Toxicity develops as elemental mercury is oxidized to the mercurous (Hg+) and mercuric (Hg2+) forms that interact with these entities causing multiorgan dysfunction.

3. EPIDEMIOLOGY: Mercury thermometer exposures are not uncommon, but people rarely get sick. Other elemental mercury poisonings are uncommon, but deaths occur.

4. WITH POISONING/EXPOSURE
   1. INGESTION: Ingestion is generally nontoxic in an intact gastrointestinal tract, but mucosal breaks and prolonged contact may increase absorption. Symptoms may resemble inorganic mercury poisoning.
   2. INHALATION: Adverse effects mainly result from vapor inhalation and primarily affect the lungs. Pulmonary pathology includes pneumonitis, necrotizing bronchiolitis, pulmonary edema, acute lung injury, and death. Central nervous system effects, renal damage, gingivitis, and stomatitis can also develop. Within a few hours of high concentration of mercury vapor exposure, weakness, chills, metallic taste, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, headache, tremor, visual disturbances, dyspnea, cough, and chest tightness may develop.
   3. INTRAVENOUS OR INTRAMUSCULAR: IV injection may rarely result in pulmonary embolism, and IM injection may lead to renal dysfunction and chronic absorption; signs and symptoms are usually mild, but may be similar to inorganic mercury toxicity.
   4. CHRONIC: Chronic mercury poisoning (mercurialism) usually results from inhalation of elemental mercury vapor or particles. Evidence of chronic poisoning may occur within weeks of an extreme acute exposure or may develop insidiously over many years. Chronic inhalation leads to the classic triad of neuropsychiatric disturbances (ie, personality changes, hallucinations, delirium, insomnia, irritability, fatigue, memory loss, erethism), tremor (fine intention tremor of fingers that progresses to choreiform movements of limbs), and gingivostomatitis. Children and some adults develop acrodynia associated with severe leg cramps, irritability, insomnia, diaphoresis, hypertension, miliarial rash, and peeling erythematous skin on the fingers, hands, and feet. Renal dysfunction has been reported.